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Exert One's Heart / Mind to the Utmost
充分體認(rèn)和發(fā)揮內(nèi)心固有的善端。“盡心”是由孟子提出的一種道德修養(yǎng)方法?！氨M心”需要發(fā)揮心所具有的思考能力，發(fā)現(xiàn)人心中固有的善端，并將其作為人之所以為人的本質(zhì)特征，進(jìn)而充分培養(yǎng)、發(fā)揮心中的善端，最終實(shí)現(xiàn)仁、義、禮、智的德行。心中的善端是天賦予人的本性，因此通過“盡心”就能夠知曉人的本性，并通達(dá)于天。
"Exerting one's mind to the utmost" means one should fully understand and extend one's innate goodness. It is a way of moral cultivation advocated by Mencius. To do so, one needs to develop one's capability of thinking, discover the goodness inherent in the mind and then fully nurture this innate human character, eventually realizing the moral qualities of benevolence, righteousness, rites and social norms, and wisdom.
引例 Citations：
◎孟子曰：“盡其心者，知其性也。知其性，則知天矣。存其心，養(yǎng)其性，所以事天也。”（《孟子·盡心上》）
孟子言：“能做到盡心的人，能知曉其本性。能知曉人的本性，則能夠知曉天。保持自己的本心，培養(yǎng)自己的本性，就是對(duì)待天命的方法?！?/p>
Mencius said, "He who does his utmost knows his nature. Knowing his nature, he knows his inborn moral nature. Preserving his mind and nurturing his nature is the way to deal with his inherent morality." (Mencius)
◎盡心，謂事物之理皆知之而無不盡。（《朱子語類》卷六十）
盡心是指能夠知曉事物所具有的理而毫無遺漏。
Exerting one's mind to the utmost means knowing the laws of all things, with nothing left out. (Classified Conversations of Master Zhu Xi)
推薦：教育部 國家語委
供稿：北京外國語大學(xué) 外語教學(xué)與研究出版社
責(zé)任編輯：錢耐安
