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To Act Is Easy; To Know Is Hard
對(duì)人倫日用之道的踐行并不困難，真正的困難在于認(rèn)知其道。這是對(duì)“知”“行”關(guān)系的又一種認(rèn)識(shí)，與“知易行難”的觀念相對(duì)。這一觀念由孫中山在《孫文學(xué)說》（后作為《建國(guó)方略》一書中的“心理建設(shè)”部分）中提出。在孫中山看來，傳統(tǒng)的“知易行難”觀念在當(dāng)時(shí)已經(jīng)成為禁錮人們思想、阻礙革命行動(dòng)的“心理之大敵”。為了反對(duì)和破除這種傳統(tǒng)的知行觀念，他提出“知難行易”，強(qiáng)調(diào)求得真知以指導(dǎo)行動(dòng)的重要意義。
This term suggests that it is not difficult to act according to general moral principles; what is truly difficult is to appreciate them. This is a different understanding of the relationship between knowledge and action, which stands in contrast with the view that "to know is easy; to act is hard." This idea was put forward by Sun Yat-sen in his Sun Wen's Theory which was later incorporated into his The Fundamentals of National Reconstruction as the "Psychological Preparation" section. As Sun Yat-sen saw it, the traditional concept that "to know is easy; to act is hard" had by that time become a psychological barrier which both fettered people's thinking and hindered revolutionary action. He thus proposed the view that "to act is easy; to know is hard" in opposition to the traditional view of knowledge and action, and emphasized the importance of gaining true knowledge to guide one's action.
引例 Citations：
◎夫中國(guó)近代之積弱不振、奄奄待斃者，實(shí)為“知之非艱，行之惟艱”一說誤之也。（《孫文學(xué)說》第五章“知行總論”）
中國(guó)近代之所以長(zhǎng)期孱弱而到了生命垂危的階段，實(shí)質(zhì)上就是“認(rèn)識(shí)并不困難，付諸行動(dòng)才難”這一錯(cuò)誤說法造成的。
The reason why China in the modern times has become so weak, to the point where its very existence is in peril is that it has been misled by the view that "it is not hard to know; what is truly hard is to act." (Sun Wen's Theory)
◎故天下事惟患于不能知耳，倘能由科學(xué)之理則以求得其真知，則行之決無所難。（《孫文學(xué)說》第五章“知行總論”）
所以，最需要憂慮的是不能了解天下的事物，如果能夠遵循科學(xué)的規(guī)律，求得天下事物的正確認(rèn)識(shí)，那么付諸行動(dòng)一定不會(huì)有什么困難。
Thus, what is of the greatest concern to us is not understanding the world. If we can follow the principles of science and acquire a true understanding of the world, then it will definitely not be difficult for us to act on this understanding. (Sun Wen's Theory)
推薦：教育部 國(guó)家語委
供稿：北京外國(guó)語大學(xué) 外語教學(xué)與研究出版社
責(zé)任編輯：錢耐安
