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本指有智慧情感的人，引申指由人類心靈智慧所創(chuàng)的文章及各種器物。無論是文章還是器物，它們都自然打上了人類精神創(chuàng)造的烙印，并帶有外在的文采或紋飾。南朝劉勰在《文心雕龍·原道》中指出，天地萬物無不具有文德，即外在的形式美，人類具有追求外在形式之美的天性，這是文學藝術作品以及文章形式之美得以產生的心理基礎。
This term originally referred to intelligent and noble-minded human beings and later came to also cover the writings and articles created by them. These writings and articles were seen as embodying human vision, with literary grace or fine adornment. Liu Xie of the Southern Dynasties, author of The Literary Mind and the Carving of Dragons, pointed out in the "Origin of Dao" section of that book the artistic grace, namely, the outward beauty, exists in all things in the world. Humans are naturally inclined to pursue outward beauty. This is the psychological basis for the creation of beauty in literary and artistic works as well as literary styles.
引例 Citations：
◎剛柔交錯，天文也。文明以止，人文也。（《周易·彖上》）
剛柔相互錯雜，是天的法則。禮儀昌明有所節(jié)制，是人倫的法則。
It is a law of heaven that the hard and the soft interweave; it is a rule of humans that they should observe the rites and conduct themselves with restraint. (The Book of Changes)
◎言之無文，行而不遠。（《左傳·襄公二十五年》）
語言如果缺乏文采和技巧，就不可能流傳廣泛久遠。
Lackluster wording never travels far. (Zuo's Commentary on The Spring and Autumn Annals)
推薦：教育部 國家語委
供稿：北京外國語大學 外語教學與研究出版社
責任編輯：劉懌莎
